#!/bin/bash

#generate some data and put ina  file
# see manpage to see what -e option does
filename=foo.txt
echo -e "cow\ngoat\npig\nhorse" > $filename

#read stuff from a file with a for loop
for line in $(cat $filename)
do
  echo "The line is $line"
done

#read stuff from a file with a while loop
while read line
do
  echo "The line is $line"
done < $filename